In 1965, John L Mero – recognised by many as the father of ocean mining – conducted more detailed research into the economic potential lying at the bottom of the ocean, and determined that the mining of manganese nodules would become a viable business proposition within just 20 years.
First, the potential economic benefits from mining nodules are summarized. Second, the economic and strategic consequences of not having deep-sea nodules as an additional source of supply in the event of market disruptions …
MANGANESE NODULE MINING AND ECONOMIC RENT. NINA W. CORNELL* The current negotiations on the law of the sea seem likely to answer partially the question of who owns the resources of the oceans. Ownership has been ambiguous since the days of Grotius. While the actual answer will differ for different parts of the oceans, ...
We present an economic appraisal and strategy for mining of nodules from the Indian Ocean Nodule Field- one of the four economically potential areas in the world oceans.
1. Nodules must be prepped (ground & washed) 2. Nickel & Copper are separated by electrowinning 3. Cobalt is recovered through reaction with Hydrogen Sulfide 4. Process materials are removed leaving Manganese carbonate Four metals, Ni/Cu/Co/ Mn, must be separated from nodules, one by one
A spatial planning tool to assess the techno-economic requirements and implications of polymetallic nodule mining on deep-sea deposits was proposed in Volkmann et al. . The authors studied the part of the German exploration area, located in the Clarion–Clipperton Zone (CCZ) in the Pacific Ocean.
The recent and renewed interest in deep-sea mining relates to the decrease of ore grades of known land-based deposits, the increasing costs in land-based mining, as well as rising metal prices, and an increased demand for strategic metals. This study examines the economic requirements for future commercial mining projects focusing on manganese …
The Lifting Installation of Manganese Nodules and Pump Test235 Кб. Comparing the tests research and economic technology of slurry pump, cleaning pump, jet pump and air lifting, slurry pump is selected as the lifting method of pilot mining testing ofIn the one way test, the nodules transport directly to a separator with pressure regulation via the feeder, the pump and pipe.
mining of polymetallic nodules will depend on the availability of metals from terrestrial sources and their prices in the world market, as well as the techno-economic considerations based on capital and operating costs of the deep-sea mining system. The success of deep-sea mining venture requires the implementation of several components.
This study examines the economic requirements for future commercial mining projects focusing on manganese nodules. Beside the common measures of profitability, the net present value (NPV), and the ...
We present an economic appraisal and strategy for mining of nodules from the Indian Ocean Nodule Field- one of the four economically potential areas in the world oceans.
RESOURCES POLICY June 1983 Mining manganese nodules This paper is intended to reexamine and clarify some of the broader economic and environmental issues relevant to nodule recovery. First, the potential economic …
Chapter 11 Economic Aspects of Nodule Mining. Author links open ... Environmental studies conducted in conjunction with deep-sea tests of the two types of mining systems currently indicate that substantially no environmental damage will be done in the mining of the deep-sea nodules. Because of the nature of the deposits and the way in which ...
Chapter 11 Economic Aspects of Nodule Mining. Author links open ... Environmental studies conducted in conjunction with deep-sea tests of the two types of mining systems currently indicate that substantially no environmental damage will be done in the mining of the deep-sea nodules. Because of the nature of the deposits and the way in which ...
Nodule mining requires large areas to make the enterprise economic 11; however, only a certain fraction of each contract area (possibly in the range of 15–20%) 3,119 will be mined as a first ...
CHAPTER 11 ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF NODULE MINING J. L. MERO INTRODUCTION Although deep-sea manganese nodules were discovered over a'century ago by scientists of the HMS Challenger expedition, few analyses of the nodules for the economically significant elements such as nickel, copper, cobalt and
Deep sea mining is a relic, left over from the extractive economic approaches of the '60s and '70s. It raises the question of whether deep sea mining has any place in …